SPL (VI)- LESSON-4
KEY ELEMENTS OF A
DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT
(QUESTION ANSWERS)
______________________________________________________________________
(NCERT EXERCISE)
1. How would
Maya’s life be different in South Africa today?
Ans: Maya’s life would
be different in South Africa today in the following manner:
1.
She can use
roads, buses, and railway trains as others do without any discrimination.
2.
She can attend
hotels and restaurants.
3 .
She can use
hospitals and ambulances as others do.
4.
She can walk in
the parks freely.
5.
She has no fear
of police.
2.What are the
various ways in which people participate in the process of government?
Ans: People
participate in the process of government through the following various ways:
1.
By taking
interest in the working of the government.
2.
By criticising
the government on various unpopular issues.
3.
By taking out
rallies.
4 .
By holding
signature campaigns.
5.
By opposing
various unpopular resolutions, bills, and issues in state legislatures and
parliament through their representatives.
3. Why do you think we
need the government to find solutions to any disputes or conflicts?
Ans: We need the government to find solutions to many disputes
and conflicts because of the following:
1.
Disputes and
conflicts block the way to progress.
2.
They often turn
violent and cause damage to the property and life of the people.
3.
Government has
to compensate people who are killed, wounded or whose properties are destroyed
in violent incidents.
4.
Crores of
rupees are spent on committees and commissions.
The attention of the government is diverted towards welfare measures.
4. What actions
do the government take to ensure that all people are treated equally?
Ans: The government ensures that the
constitutional provisions are implied in the country. It makes laws and
enforces them to abolish all sorts of discrimination. It makes provisions to
provide equal facilities to all classes of people, promotion of education among
girls, and economically backward. These are some of the actions that the
government takes to ensure equality among people.
5. Read through
the chapter and discuss some of the key ideas of a democratic government. Make
a list. For example, all people are equal
Ans:
1.
Equality and
justice.
2.
Ban on
untouchability.
3.
No
discrimination on the basis of caste, creed, and sex.
4.
Boys and girls
are equal.
5.
No
discrimination against anyone.
OTHER IMPORTANT
QUESTIONS
I. MULTIPLE
CHOICE QUESTIONS
Choose the
correct option to complete the statements given below:
1. Hector and
his classmates wanted to learn their own language. What was their language?
(a) Afrikaans
(b) Zulu
(c) English
(d) Malayalam.
2. The leader
of the African National Congress was …………………
(a) Nelson Mandela
(b) Vinni Mandela
(c) Yasar Arafat
(d) Kofi Annan.
3. In India,
the government is elected for the period of……………………
(a) Two years
(b) Three years
(c) Five years
(d) Six years.
4. The two states
involved in the Cauvery water dispute are …………………….
(a) Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
(b) Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
(c) Kerala and Tamil Nadu
(d) Orissa and Kolkata.
5. South Africa became a democratic country in
the year………………….
(a) 1950
(b) 1970
c) 1984
(d) 1994
6. Who was shocked after
hearing the story of earlier South Africa?
(a) Maya Naidoo
(b) Maya’s Mother
(c) Hector
(d) None of these
7. What does Apartheid mean?
(a) Allowed
(b) Separation
(c) Not allowed
(d) All of these
8. How were people of South Africa divided before
independence?
(a) White people
(b) Black people
(c) Coloured races
(d) All of these
9. What was the state of ambulances for black
people in South Africa?
(a) Fully equipped
(b) Not equipped
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
10. What is the official language of South Africa?
(a) Zulu
(b) Hindi
(c) Sanskrit
(d) English
11. When was Hector killed by the police bullets?
(a) On 30 April 1966
(b) On 30 April 1976
(c) On 30 April 1986
(d) On 30 April 1996
12. Who was the leader of African National Congress?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Nelson Mandela
(c) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Bill Clinton
13. When did Africa become a democratic country?
(a) 1947
(b) 1948
(c) 1984
(d) 1994
14. For how many years is the Indian Government
elected?
(a) 5 years
(b) 7 years
(c) 10 years
(d) 15 years
15. If a government wants to be in power then it
has to be
(a) re-elected by the people
(b) elected thrice
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
8. How were people of South Africa divided before
independence?
(a) White people
(b) Black people
(c) Coloured races
(d) All of these
9. What was the state of ambulances for black
people in South Africa?
(a) Fully equipped
(b) Not equipped
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
10. What is the official language of South Africa?
(a) Zulu
(b) Hindi
(c) Sanskrit
(d) English
11. When was Hector killed by the police bullets?
(a) On 30 April 1966
(b) On 30 April 1976
(c) On 30 April 1986
(d) On 30 April 1996
12. Who was the leader of African National Congress?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Nelson Mandela
(c) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Bill Clinton
13. When did Africa become a democratic country?
(a) 1947
(b) 1948
(c) 1984
(d) 1994
14. For how many years is the Indian Government
elected?
(a) 5 years
(b) 7 years
(c) 10 years
(d) 15 years
15. If a government wants to be in power then it
has to be
(a) re-elected by the people
(b) elected thrice
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
9. What was the state of ambulances for black
people in South Africa?
(a) Fully equipped
(b) Not equipped
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
10. What is the official language of South Africa?
(a) Zulu
(b) Hindi
(c) Sanskrit
(d) English
11. When was Hector killed by the police bullets?
(a) On 30 April 1966
(b) On 30 April 1976
(c) On 30 April 1986
(d) On 30 April 1996
12. Who was the leader of African National Congress?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Nelson Mandela
(c) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Bill Clinton
13. When did Africa become a democratic country?
(a) 1947
(b) 1948
(c) 1984
(d) 1994
14. For how many years is the Indian Government
elected?
(a) 5 years
(b) 7 years
(c) 10 years
(d) 15 years
15. If a government wants to be in power then it
has to be
(a) re-elected by the people
(b) elected thrice
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
10. What is the official language of South Africa?
(a) Zulu
(b) Hindi
(c) Sanskrit
(d) English
11. When was Hector killed by the police bullets?
(a) On 30 April 1966
(b) On 30 April 1976
(c) On 30 April 1986
(d) On 30 April 1996
12. Who was the leader of African National Congress?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Nelson Mandela
(c) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Bill Clinton
13. When did Africa become a democratic country?
(a) 1947
(b) 1948
(c) 1984
(d) 1994
14. For how many years is the Indian Government
elected?
(a) 5 years
(b) 7 years
(c) 10 years
(d) 15 years
15. If a government wants to be in power then it
has to be
(a) re-elected by the people
(b) elected thrice
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
11. When was Hector killed by the police bullets?
(a) On 30 April 1966
(b) On 30 April 1976
(c) On 30 April 1986
(d) On 30 April 1996
12. Who was the leader of African National Congress?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Nelson Mandela
(c) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Bill Clinton
13. When did Africa become a democratic country?
(a) 1947
(b) 1948
(c) 1984
(d) 1994
14. For how many years is the Indian Government
elected?
(a) 5 years
(b) 7 years
(c) 10 years
(d) 15 years
15. If a government wants to be in power then it
has to be
(a) re-elected by the people
(b) elected thrice
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
12. Who was the leader of African National Congress?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Nelson Mandela
(c) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Bill Clinton
13. When did Africa become a democratic country?
(a) 1947
(b) 1948
(c) 1984
(d) 1994
14. For how many years is the Indian Government
elected?
(a) 5 years
(b) 7 years
(c) 10 years
(d) 15 years
15. If a government wants to be in power then it
has to be
(a) re-elected by the people
(b) elected thrice
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
13. When did Africa become a democratic country?
(a) 1947
(b) 1948
(c) 1984
(d) 1994
14. For how many years is the Indian Government
elected?
(a) 5 years
(b) 7 years
(c) 10 years
(d) 15 years
15. If a government wants to be in power then it
has to be
(a) re-elected by the people
(b) elected thrice
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
14. For how many years is the Indian Government
elected?
(a) 5 years
(b) 7 years
(c) 10 years
(d) 15 years
15. If a government wants to be in power then it
has to be
(a) re-elected by the people
(b) elected thrice
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
15. If a government wants to be in power then it
has to be
(a) re-elected by the people
(b) elected thrice
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
16. If a country’s people are alert and interested
in how country is run, that country will be
(a) stronger
(b) weaker
(c) steadier
(d) none of these
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
17. Which issue can become a source of conflict
between states?
(a) Rivers
(b) Roads
(c) Transports
(d) None of these
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
18. The dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
was for the water of river?
(a) Yamuna
(b) Ganga
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Cauvery
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
19. Which dam is used by Karnataka for irrigation?
(a) Krishna Sagar Dam
(b) Hirakud Dam
(c) Bhakra Nangal Dam
(d) Mottur Dam
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
20. Which agency steps in to promote justice by
providing special provisions that helps girls to overcome?
(a) Government
(b) Society
(c) Doctors
(d) None of these
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
II. FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Fill in the
blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:
1.
In South
Africa, there live black people, …………….. and Indians.
2.
Blacks and
coloured people were not considered to be ……………….. to whites.
3.
The African
National Congress-led the struggle against …………………..
4.
Through ……….
in elections, people elect leaders to represent them.
5.
Religious
processions and celebrations can sometimes lead to ………………… …..
Answer:
1.
whites
2.
equal
3.
apartheid
4.
voting
5.
conflicts
III.TRUE/FALSE
State whether
these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1.
Non-whites
could vote in South Africa before 1994.
2.
It was the
effort of Nelson Mandela that made South Africa a democratic country.
3.
Conflicts and
differences are resolved by the laws laid by our Constitution
4.
The apartheid
system in South Africa was abolished in the year 1990.
5.
In our society
boys and girls are valued equally.
Answer:
1.
F
2.
T
3.
T
4.
F
5.
F
IV. MATCHING
SKILL
Match the items given in
column A correctly with those given in column B correctly.
Column A
Column B
(i)Untouchability (a) Through
voting
(ii) Equality and justice
(b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr.
B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector
Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key
elements of democracy
Ans. (i)-(c),
(ii)—(e), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b), (v)-(a).
II.VERY SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Name the
various races that live in South Africa
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
1.
Black people
who belong to South Africa
2.
Whites who came
there to settle
3.
Indians who
came as labourers and traders.
2. What do you
mean by apartheid?
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known
as apartheid laws.
3. Name one black
township.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
4. Who was
Hector? What did he want?.
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
5. Name the
party that fought against the system of apartheid.
Ans: The African National Congress.
6. Who is
responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences?
Ans: The government is responsible for helping
to resolve conflicts or differences.
Q.7. What is
the role of police when there is a chance of violence?
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take
place.
Q.8. How did
Dr. Ambedkar and many others like his view equality and justice?
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are
treated equally.
Q. 9. How does
our society view boys and girls?
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the
boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and
girls at the same level.
Q.10. What does
the government do to promote justice among the girls? [Imp.]
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among
the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
III. SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are
apartheid laws?
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African
people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to
apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live
near each other or even to use common facilities.
2. What
happened to Hector and his classmates? Why did it happen?
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they
were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to
learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own
language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language
in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot
at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
3. Write a
short note on ‘The African National Congress’. [Imp.]
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle
against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The
struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system
for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa
became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
4. How does the
power of the government got limited?
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections.
Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can
stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power
then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can
sense their power in a democracy.
5. When do
conflicts occur? What happens afterward? [V. Imp.]
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions
or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among
them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension
among others living in an area.
IV.LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
1. One of the
ways of participating is to take interest in the working of the government and
to criticise it when required. Explain with an example.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it
through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the
money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval
very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The
government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the
people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision
because it is responsible to the people.
2. How do
rivers become a source of conflict between states? [V. Imp.]
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river
may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing
of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming
an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute
between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in
Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the
needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is
used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
A conflict arises because
both dams Eire on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamil Nadu can only be
filled up if water is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka.
Therefore, both states can’t get as much water as they need for people in their
states. This leads to conflict. Now, it is the job of the central government to
step in and see that a fair distribution is worked out for both states.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
b
a
c
a
d
a
b
d
b
a
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
b
b
d
a
a
a
a
d
a
a
(i)Untouchability (a) Through voting
(ii) Equality and justice (b) Black
(iii) Afrikaans (c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(iv) Hector Ndlovu (d) Whites
(v) People elect leaders to represent them (e) Key elements of democracy
Ans: Various races that live in South Africa are:
Ans: Apartheid means separation on people on the basis of race are known as apartheid laws.
Ans: South Western Township (Soweto).
Ans: Hector was a non-white. He wanted to learn his own language Zulu.
Ans: The African National Congress.
Ans: The government is responsible for helping to resolve conflicts or differences.
Ans: The police try their best to ensure that violence does not take place.
Ans: They thought that justice can only be achieved when people are treated equally.
Ans: In our society, there is a general tendency to value and care for the boy children more than the girl children. Thus, society does not keep boys and girls at the same level.
Ans.: The government provides special provisions to promote justice among the girls. It may lower the school fees for girls.
Ans. South Africa was earlier governed by apartheid laws. South African people were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races. According to apartheid laws, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live near each other or even to use common facilities.
Ans: Hector and his classmates, because they were non-whites luring in one black township named Soweto, were being forced to learn the language of whites i.e. Afrikaans. But they wanted to learn their own language, zulu and joined the protest against learning the Afrikaans language in school. The South African police beat up the protestors ruthlessly and shot at the crowd. One of their bullets killed Hector.
Ans: The African National Congress, a group of people who led the struggle against the system of apartheid. Dr. Nelson Mandela was their leader. The struggle got intensified under his leadership. He fought the apartheid system for several years. Finally, the system was abolished in 1994 and South Africa became a democratic country in which people of all races were considered equal.
Ans: The power of the government gets limited by regular elections. Elections are usually held once in five years. Once elected, governments can stay in power only for that period. If they want to continue to be in power then they have to re-elected by the people. This is a moment when people can sense their power in a democracy.
Ans: Conflicts occur when people of different cultures, religions, regions or economic background do not get along with each other, or when some among them feel they are being discriminated against. This leads to fear and tension among others living in an area.
Ans. It is one of the important ways of participation. We can prove it through an example. In August 2005, when a particular government increased the money people had to pay for electricity, people expressed their disapproval very sharply. They took rallies and also organised a signature campaign. The government tried to explain and defend its decision but finally listened to the people’s opinion and withdrew the increase. The government had to change its decision because it is responsible to the people.
Ans. Rivers can also become a source of conflict between states. A river may begin in one state, Flow-through another, and end in a third. The sharing of river water between different states that the river goes through is becoming an issue of conflict. We can cite an example of the Cauvery water dispute between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The water stored In the Krishnasagar dam in Karnataka is used for irrigating a number of districts and for meeting the needs of the city of Bangalore. The water stored in Methur dam in Tamil Nadu is used for crops grown in the delta region of that state.
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