HISTORY (VIII)- LESSON-3 RULING THE COUNTRYSIDE (QUESTION ANSWERS

  

HISTORY (VIII)- LESSON-3

RULING THE COUNTRYSIDE

(QUESTION ANSWERS

 

 

 

(NCERT QUESTION ANSWERS)

 

 

1. Match the following:

1. Ryot	a. Village
2. Mahal	b. Peasant
3. Nij	c. Cultivation on ryot’s lands
4. Ryoti	d. Cultivation on planter’s own land

Answer: - 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c

2. Fill in the blanks:

(a) Growers of woad in Europe saw __________ as a crop which would provide competition to their earnings.

(b) The demand for indigo increased in late eighteenth-century Britain because of __________.

(c) The international demand for indigo was affected by the discovery of __________.

(d) The Champaran movement was against __________.

Answer.

(a)  Indigo (b) Expansion of cotton production. (c) synthetic dyes. (d) indigo planters.

3. Describe the main features of the Permanent Settlement.

Answer. The Permanent Settlement System was a land revenue system introduced in 1793 by East India Company. Rajas and taluqdars were recognized as Zamindars to collect rent from the peasants and pay revenue to the Company. The main features of the Permanent Settlement system are:

1.    The amount paid by the zamindars to the company was fixed permanently

2.    The Rajas were made the zamindars

3.    Zamindars lost their right over the lands whenever they fail to make payments to the company

4.    Exorbitant prices of land which zamindars had to pay to the company (which they failed.)

4. How was the Mahalwari system different from the Permanent Settlement?

Answer. Differences between Mahalwari System and Permanent Settlement are given below:

Mahalwari System	Permanent Settlement
Holt Mackenzie devised it, and it came into effect in 1822	Permanent Settlement was brought by Lord Cornwallis in 1793
The epicentre of the system was a village	There was no such epicentre
Villages were called ‘Mahal’	–
The estimated revenue of each plot within a village was added up to calculate the revenue that each village (mahal) had to pay	The revenue was fixed that each zamindar had to pay to the company
The revenue was to be revised periodically	Revenue was fixed
The charge to collect the revenue was on the village headman	The charge to collect the revenue was on the village zamindar (rajas/taluqdars)

5. Give two problems which arose with the new Munro system of fixing revenue.

Answer. The new Munro system of fixing revenue posed two problems:

1.    The revenue demand was fixed way too high for peasants to pay

2.    Peasants were unable to pay the rent which culminated into villages getting deserted.

6. Why were ryots reluctant to grow indigo?

Answer. The ryots were reluctant to grow indigo for the below-given reasons:

1.    They were paid very low-prices for it

2.    The ryots never saw any profit accruing from the indigo plantation

3.    Ryots were asked to grow indigo on the fertile parts of their land by the planters, which they wanted to use for crops.

7. What were the circumstances which led to the eventual collapse of indigo production in Bengal?

Answer. The collapse of indigo production in Bengal was caused by the following circumstances:

1.    Ryots denied producing the indigo anymore

2.    Protests started taking place by the peasants/ ryots supported by the zamindars

3.    Following the protests, the Indigo Commission was constituted by the government which accepted the faults of the planters and asked the planters to stop the cultivation.

4.    Planters eventually moved out of the city

 

 

(OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTION)

Choose the correct :

1- East India Company got Diwani of Bengal in

A) 1762

B) 1765

C) 1770

D) 1764

 

2- A terrible famine had stuck Bengal in

A) 1770

B) 1775

C) 1779

D) 1764

 

3- As Diwan, the company had to look after _______ of Bengal

A) financial administration

B) defence

C) religious issues

D) judiciary

 

4- Artisans started deserting bengal villages because

A) of famine

B) unavailability of raw material.

C) they were forced to sell goods at low prices.

D) Floods

 

5- ______ was Governor General of India in 1793

 

 A) Warren Hastings

B) Charles Cornwallis

C) Louis Chole

D) George Martin

 

6- Under permanent settlements, Rajas and Talukdars were recognised as

A) Zamindars

B) Kings

C) Diwans

D) Peasants

 

7- Nearly _____ people died in Bengal famine that occurred in 1770

A) 20 million

B) 1 million

C) 10 million

D) 25 million

 

8- Many cultivators lost their land because

A) rent was high.

B) of famine.

C) of no rainfall.

D) they were jailed.

 

9- Zamindars were responsible for collecting ____ from peasants.

A) rent

B) goods

C) food

D) money

 

10- Mahalwari system was introduced in

 

A) 1822

B) 1854

C) 1830

D) 1825

 

11- When Company got the Diwani of Bengal, the Governor General of the

A) James Mill

B) Lord Dalhousie

C) Lord Mountbatten

D) Robert Clive

 

12- Under the Mahalwari system, each ____ were called Mahal.

A) village

B) peasants

C) houses

D) towns

 

13- _____ was Madras governor in 1819.

A) Thomas Munro

B) Franklin

C) Jacob Smith

D) Holt Mackenzie

 

14- The company introduced _____ in 1793

A) Judiciary changes

B) Permanent Settlement

C) administrative reforms

D) agriculture reforms

 

15- Over _______ of Bengal population was wiped out due to the famine of 1770.

 A) One third

B) one fifth

C) one half

D) two third

 

16- _______ was introduced in 1819.

A) Ryotwari system

B) Mahalwari system

C) agriculture reforms

D) Judiciary reforms

 

17- Morris cotton print was invented by

A) William Morris

B) Robert Morris

C) John Morris

D) Morris Will

 

 

18- _______ collected revenues under Mahalwari system.

 A) Zamindars

B) English officials

C) village headmen

D) soldiers

 

19- ______ devised Mahalwari system in 1922.

A) Robert Mills

B) Cornwille

C) Holt Mackenzie

D) Warren Hastings

 

20- If zamindars didn’t paid revenue, then British

A) used to jail them.

B) seize their goods

C) auction their land.

D) punish them.

 

21. The Champaran movement was against
(a) peasants
(b) East India Company
(c) the oppressive attitude of the planters
(d) none of the above

 

22. The Company was appointed as the Diwan of Bengal in
(a) 1762
(b) 1763
(c) 1764
(d) 1765

 

23. Gandhiji visited Champaran
(a) to see the plight of Indigo planters in Champaran
(b) to see the progress of’Indigo plantation
(c) to see the managing system of company
(d) none of the above

 

24. Who devised the new-system of revenue called Mahalwari?
(a) Queen Elizabeth
(b) Holt Mackenzie
(c) Queen Victoria
(d) Gandhiji

 

25. Growers of woad in Europe saw crop as competition to their earnings.
(a) tea
(b) rubber
(c) indigo
(d) coffee

 

26. Indigo production came down in Bengal in
(a) 1850
(b) 1852
(c) 1855
(d) 1859

 

27. Who had developed the Munro system?
(a) Capiain Alexander
(b) Holt Mackenzie
(c) Thomas Munro
(d) None of these

 

28. How much proportion of Indigo was imported from India by Britain in 1810?
(a) 75%
(b) 95%
(c) 90%
(d) 85%

 

29. H.T. Colebrook describes the conditions of the under-tenant farmers in
(a) 1800
(b) 1805
(c) 1806
(d) 1810

 

30. After harvest, the indigo plant was taken to the in the indigo factory.
(a) dye
(b) vat
(c) farm
(d) machine

 

 

Match the following:

Column A	Column B
(i) Diwan	(a) Villages
(ii) Indigo	(b) Cultivation of planter’s own land
(iii) Vat	(c) Chief finance administrator
(iv) Mahal	(d) A plant producing blue colour
(v) Nij	(e) Storage vessel
(vi) Permanent settlement	(f) Fixing revenue

 

State whether true or false:

1. The demand for indigo increased in late seventeenth century.

 

2. Revenues were fixed in the permanent settlement.

 

3. The company purchased goods in India before 1865 through gold and silver imports.

 

4. Mahalwari system came into existence in 1700.

 

5. Very high rate of revenue was the major problem of ryotwari system.

 

6. Weekly markets were very flourishing during economic crisis of Bengal.

 

7. The company introduced the Permanent Settlement in 1793.

 

Fill in the blanks:

1. Gomasthas were the agents of …………………

 

2. The Mughal emperor appointed the ………………… as the Diwan of Bengal.

 

3. The painter was commissioned by ………………… to record memorable events of his life.

 

4. Ryotwari system was also known as …………………

 

5. ………………… is cultivation on Ryot’s lands.

 

6. Bigha is the unit of ………………… measurement by the British in Bengal.

 

 

Answers

Mcqs

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
b	a	a	c	b	a	c	a	a	a
11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
c	a	a	b	a	a	a	c	c	c
21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
c	d	a	b	c	d	c	b	c	b

 

Match the followings

(i)-c, (ii)- d, (iii)- e, (iv) -a,  (v)-b, (vi)- f

True/ False

1-false, 2-True, 3-True, 4- False, 5-True, 6- False, 7- true

Fill in the blanks

1-Planter, 2- East India Company, 3. Clive, 4-Munro system, 5-Ryoti, 6-land